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  • W.B.C.S. Main 2018 Question Answer – Geography – Write An Account Of The Location And Growth Of All Refining Industry In India.
    Posted on December 8th, 2018 in Geography
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    W.B.C.S. Main 2018 Question Answer – Geography – Write An Account Of The Location And Growth Of All Refining Industry In India.

    WBCS  ২০১৮ মেইনস  প্রশ্নের উত্তর -ভূগোল – ভারতের সমস্ত পরিশোধক শিল্পের অবস্থান এবং বিকাশের একটি অ্যাকাউন্ট লিখুন।

    Location and growth of all refining industry in India

    India’s domestic production of crude oil is small compared to its demand. Consumption has grown 8%/year on average through 2015. Imports increased 510,000 b/d from 2010 to 2013, and further increases are expected in the coming years. Natural gas consumption increased 68% from 2005 to 2015 and has also outpaced gas production. India’s energy future will likely rely on the country’s untapped natural gas reserves, including shale deposits.Continue Reading W.B.C.S. Main 2018 Question Answer – Geography – Write An Account Of The Location And Growth Of All Refining Industry In India. 

    India’s exploration and development are uncertain following the mid-2014 drop in crude prices. Brent crude rallied to $50.05 as of Sep. 30, 2016, but growth in India’s production from new sources depends on a wide range of factors.

    During 2014-15 India’s real gross domestic product (GDP) grew more than 6%/year. It is expected to grow at least another 7% in 2016. This growth, combined with India’s increasing population, is expanding the country’s energy demand. The total per capita demand now stands at 879 kw-hr, making India’s total energy demand 1 trillion kw-hr.

    India’s energy mix relies heavily on coal, oil, and natural gas. These sources will remain primary to meeting demand as the country has not made recent investments in renewable forms of energy (Fig. 1). Coal remains the largest energy source in India, but demand for petroleum and natural gas (35.5% combined) continues to increase.

    If the world cuts down on plastic waste, how might this impact demand for petrochemicals? ndia’s wind power shows potential. Wind energy harvested in Tamil Nadu accounts for 11.7% of India’s entire renewable energy. The country is ranked fifth in the world in terms of exploitable hydropower, but this source supplies only 4% of the country’s demand. Less than 34% of India’s hydropower potential is under development. Hydropower projects, however, could supply as much as 13.9% of India’s total energy demand if developed. Fig. 2 shows India’s renewable energy development potential.

    India’s wind power shows potential. Wind energy harvested in Tamil Nadu accounts for 11.7% of India’s entire renewable energy. The country is ranked fifth in the world in terms of exploitable hydropower, but this source supplies only 4% of the country’s demand. Less than 34% of India’s hydropower potential is under development. Hydropower projects, however, could supply as much as 13.9% of India’s total energy demand if developed. Fig. 2 shows India’s renewable energy development potential.

    India cannot rely on renewables to meet future energy demand (Fig. 3). Renewables supply 7% of India’s net energy demand. This share will only increase slightly due to the large investments required to develop renewable energy, the ease of using conventional resources, and the country’s still-large coal reserves.

    Increased production in US shale formations has contributed to oversupply and lower crude oil prices. The lifting of sanctions against Iran could add further pressure to prices as the country aims to increase production by 1.5 million b/d in 2016, reaching 4.2 million b/d by yearend.

    India’s domestic oil production has increased 3-5%/year, due to exploration of prospective regions and introduction of directional drilling, enhanced oil recovery, and other new technologies. The country’s sedimentary basins cover 1.79 million sq km onshore and in shallow water. Its deepwater area beyond the 200-m isobath accounts for 1.35 million sq km.

    Only seven of India’s 26 sedimentary basins are producing commercially:

    • Assam-Arakhan.
    • Cambay.
    • Cauvery.
    • Krishna-Godavari.
    • Mumbai offshore.
    • Rajasthan.

    The offshore Mumbai basin is India’s largest oil producer. These six basins make up 17% of India’s total sedimentary potential. Many have matured and are now in decline. The Assam-Arakhan and Cambay basins are estimated to be the most prospective, but productive potential is low due the government’s inability to provide adequate exploration clearances and the subsequent lack of interested bidders.5 The lack of viable exploration programs within India will continue to widen the gap between domestic production and energy demand.

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