W.B.C.S Main Exam-Sociology Optional Paper 2-2018-Question.

WBCS মেইনস পরীক্ষা – সমাজবিজ্ঞান ঐচ্ছিক প্রশ্ন পত্র ২ – ২০১৮ – প্রশ্ন।

7)How does marriage perform various functions in Indian society ?Examine the causes and consequences of marital  conflict in India.

The major functions of marriage may be discussed under the following heads.Continue Reading W.B.C.S Main Exam-Sociology Optional Paper 2-2018-Question.

Biological Functions:

Marriage regulates and socially validates sexual relations between males and females. It is the means to satisfy sexual desire of human beings for reproductive process. So the institution of marriage fulfils the biological function of human beings.

Economic functions:

Marriage of men and women create family in which men and women share their labours to satisfy the economic needs of the family members. Both male and female remain engaged in economic activities through the institution of marriage for the economic upliftment of the family.

Social functions:

Through marriage new Kinsmen are acquired because spouses relative are added to one’s own group of Kin. The institution of marriage also enables the society to assign to the parents their responsibility of socializing the child by transforming social customs and social regulations.

Educational Functions:

The institution of marriage educates the young to be responsible future parents to pass the culture from one generation to another Thus marriage performs the most sacred biological function that-gives rise to the family system. Apart from this it performs a number of social, cultural, educational and economic functions.

Rules of mate selection in Hindu marriage:

In Hindu society, two types of rules are found regulating the selection of mates in marriage. They are endogamy and exogamy. As per the endogamy the rule is required to marry within one’s own caste. Here marriages with out – group members are strictly prohibited. However it seldom permits marriage of close kin.

The most general forms of endogamy in Hindu society are:

(1) Tribal Endogamy

(2) Varna Endogamy

(3) Caste endogamy

(4) Sub – caste endogamy

(5) Class endogamy

(6) Race endogamy.

As per exogamy rule all people prohibit marriage between individuals sharing certain degrees of blood or affinal relationship. Summer & killer have pointed out that endogamy is conservative while exogamy is progressive and it is approved from the biological view point as it leads to healthy and intelligent offspring.

Some of the generally followed exogamy rules in Hindus are:

(1) Gotra exogamy

(2) Pravara Exogamy

(3) Sapinda Exogamy.

Before marriage is solemnized the first and most important task is the choice of mates. The question of proper choice of a mate is so important that a wrong choice may doom the family to unhappiness forever. It is desirable that parents before contracting a marriage proposal should consult with their sons or daughters in order to make them know about the reasons of the choice and secure their approval by making appeal to their mind and not by exercising threat or force. A new marriage must not be hampered by old attitudes of parents.

The selection of mates in India is generally made by parents or by elders because they being the experienced can better evaluate the merits of prospective partners. In rare case boys and girls choose their mates by falling in love. The so called “Love marriage” has been generally found to be quite unsuccessful marriage. It has meant love at first sight and divorce at the next.

some of the most common causes of marital discord, which can lead to divorce:

• Money troubles.Married couples fight about money all the time. Whether unemployment is the issue, a bankruptcy, a foreclosure, or out of control spending habits are to blame, money is a common cause of divorce.
• A jealous spouse.An overly jealous spouse can come across as controlling and they can impact a husband or wife’s happiness. From telling their spouse to change their clothes to not letting them have dinner with friends to stalking their Facebook account, jealousy can lead to divorce.
• Differences on discipline.He was raised by strict military parents and she was raised by wild hippies. Recipe for a childrearing disaster? Maybe. Sometimes the biggest conflicts in a marriage are over how to discipline the couple’s children.
• Hating a spouse’s friends or family.It happens all the time. She hates his friends because they are immature and they encourage him to flirt. He hates her family because they are judgmental, involved in every aspect of their life and don’t give them room to breathe.
• The spouses grew up and apart. They got married in their early 20s, now, 15 years later they are two different people. The couple realizes that after over a decade of marriage, they have nothing in common and they no longer find their relationship satisfying.
• Not carrying their weight.He’s been unemployed for two years and all he does is play video games all day and he’s not looking for a job while she works 50 hours a week. She’s a stay-at-home mom but she’s not taking proper care of the house or the children. Sometimes embittered spouses are upset because their husband or wife can’t seem to carry their weight in the relationship.

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