Ancient Indian History – Vedic Politics – Notes For W.B.C.S. Examination.

প্রাচীন ভারতীয় ইতিহাস – বৈদিক রাজনীতি – WBCS পরীক্ষা।

• Politics of Vedic India was well structured and organized.Continue Reading Ancient Indian History – Vedic Politics – Notes For W.B.C.S. Examination.

Political Structure

• The political structure of Rig Vedic India can be studied in the following ascending order −
  • The Family (Kula), the smallest unit.
  • The Village (Grama)
  • The Clan (Vis)
  • The People (Jana)
  • The Country (Rashtra)
• Kula (family) included all the people living under the same roof (griha).
• A collection of several families constitutes the grama (village) and its headman was called gramini.
• The collection of several grama (village) was called as the Vis and its head was called Vispati.
• Several Vis constituted a Jana as it is mentioned as Panchajanah, Yadva-janaha, and Bharata-janaha.
• The aggregation of all Jana constitutes Rashtra (country).

Administration

• The hereditary kings were the popular form of Government.
• The provision of a democratically elected king by the assembly of people Jana was also known.
• The Rashtra was small states ruled by a raja (king).
• The bigger kingdoms were ruled by ‘samrat’ that reflects that they enjoyed a position of greater authority and dignity.
• The Raja administered justice with the assistance of Purohita and other officials.
• The Raja was offered bali, which was voluntary gift or tribute for his services. The bali was offered by his own people and also from defeated people.
• The crimes were strongly dealt with by the administration. Major crimes were theft, burglary, robbery, and cattle lifting.
• The important royal officials were −
  • Purohita (chief priest and minister)
  • Senani (army chief)
  • Gramini (head of a village)
  • Dutas (envoys)
  • Spies (spy)
• Sabha and Samiti were two important assemblies mentioned in the Rig Veda. These assemblies were forms the essential feature of the government.
• The Samiti was mainly dealt with the policy decisions and political business, included common people.
• The Sabha was a selected body of the Elders or Nobles and less political in character.

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