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Concept Of MBO – Management Notes – For W.B.C.S. Examination.
এমবিও – ম্যানেজমেন্ট নোট – WBCS পরীক্ষা।
Management by objectives (MBO) is a strategic management model that aims to improve the performance of an organization by clearly defining objectives that are agreed to by both management and employees. According to the theory, having a say in goal setting and action plans encourages participation and commitment among employees, as well as aligning objectives across the organization.Continue Reading Concept Of MBO – Management Notes – For W.B.C.S. Examination.
The Basics of Management by Objectives
Management by objectives (MBO) is the establishment of a management information system to compare actual performance and achievements to the defined objectives. Practitioners claim that the major benefits of MBO are that it improves employee motivation and commitment and allows for better communication between management and employees. However, a cited weakness of MBO is that it unduly emphasizes the setting of goals to attain objectives, rather than working on a systematic plan to do so.
Definition
Management by Objectives (MBO) is a personnel management technique where managers and employees work together to set, record and monitor goals for a specific period of time. Organizational goals and planning flow top-down through the organization and are translated into personal goals for organizational members. The technique was first championed by management expert Peter Drucker and became commonly used in the 1960s.Continue Reading Concept Of MBO – Management Notes – For W.B.C.S. Examination.
Key Concepts
The core concept of MBO is planning, which means that an organization and its members are not merely reacting to events and problems but are instead being proactive. MBO requires that employees set measurable personal goals based upon the organizational goals. For example, a goal for a civil engineer may be to complete the infrastructure of a housing division within the next twelve months. The personal goal aligns with the organizational goal of completing the subdivision.
MBO is a supervised and managed activity so that all of the individual goals can be coordinated to work towards the overall organizational goal. You can think of an individual personal goal as one piece of a puzzle that must fit together with all of the other pieces to form the complete puzzle: the organizational goal. Goals are set down in writing annually and are continually monitored by managers to check progress. Rewards are based upon goal achievement.
Advantages
MBO has some distinct advantages. It provides a means to identify and plan for the achievement of goals. If you don’t know what your goals are, you will not be able to achieve them. Planning permits proactive behavior and a disciplined approach to goal achievement. It also allows you to prepare for contingencies and roadblocks that may hinder the plan. Goals are measurable so that they can be assessed and adjusted easily. Organizations can also gain more efficiency, save resources, and increase organizational morale if goals are properly set, managed, and achieved.
Disadvantages
However, MBO is not without disadvantages. Application of MBO takes concerted effort. You cannot rely upon a thoughtless, mechanical approach, and you should note that some tasks are so simple that setting goals makes little sense and becomes more of a silly, annual ritual. For example, if your job is snapping two pieces of a product together on an assembly line, setting individual goals for your work isn’t really necessary.
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