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  • Relief Feature Of Peninsular India – Geography Notes – For W.B.C.S. Examination.

    Regions:

    1. The North Central Highlands.Continue Reading Relief Feature Of Peninsular India – Geography Notes – For W.B.C.S. Examination.
    2. The South Central Highlands
    3. The Eastern Plateau
    4. The Meghalaya- Mikir Uplands
    5. The North Deccan
    6. The South Deccan
    7. The Western Ghats or Sahayadri
    8. The Eastern Ghats

    1. The North Central Highlands: Ranges-> Aravali & Vindyan

    (a) Aravalli

    • Stretch from North East to South West for 800 km between Delhi and Palanpur(Gujrat).  Oldest Folded mountain.
    • Composed of: quartzites, gneisses and schists of Pre Cambrian period
    • Highest Peak: Guru Sikhar(1722m)
    • Pass: The Goranghat Pass-> separates Gurusikhar from Mount Abu
    • Jagara Hills: The Northwest of Udaipur, the Aravallis
    • Great Boundary Fault: separates Aravallis from the Vindhyan Mountains

    (b) The Malwa Plateau

    • Border: North->Aravallis, South->Vindyan Range & East-> Bundelkhand Plateau
    • Drainage: 2 drainage systems-> Towards the Arabian Sea(Narmada & Mahi) and towards the Bay of Bengal(Chambal, Sind, Betwa and Ken) joining Yamuna River

    2. The South Central Highlands

    The Vindhyan Range extends from Jobat(Gujrat) and Chittorgarh(Rajasthan) to Sasaram in Bihar. Extends: 1050 km; General Elevation: 450 to 600 m.

    Maikal Range : Connect between the Vindyas and the Satpura mountains

    (a) The Bundelkhand (Vindhyachal Plateau)

    • Boundary: North->Yamuna river, South-> Vindhyans, North-West-> Chambal, South East-> Panna-Ajaigarh  Range
    • Coverage: Districts of Banda, Hamirpur, Jalaun, Jhansi and Lalitpur of Uttar Pradesh; Datia, Tikamgarh, Chhatarpur and Panna of Madhya Pradesh
    • Senile(having been reduced by erosion to a featureless plain that stands everywhere at base level.) Topography
    • Rivers: Betwa, Dhasan and Ken -> craved out steep gorges, rapids, cataracts & waterfalls

    (b) The Vindhyachal-Baghelkhand or Vindyachal Plateau

    • The plateaux of Satna, Rewa(MP) and Mirzapur(UP)
    • Elevation: 150 to 1200 m(uneven relief)
    • towards south lies Narmada-Son trough (rift valley) characterized by the Archaeans and Bijwar Series
    • The peninsular plateau is located in the southern and western India and rises to 100 meters in the north and about more than 1000 meters in the south and triangulating the Indian subcontinent.  
    • The Deccan plateau extends over the eight states and has a significant part of Telangana and the Maharashtra and the Karnataka and the Andhra Pradesh and being located between the western ghats and eastern ghats the comprises of the coastal plains. And covers all the southern tip of India.
    • Being separated from the Gangetic plains to the north by the Satpura and the Vindhya range that forms the northern boundary this has an average elevation of about 600 meters with the highest peak is the Anamudi, in Kerala.
    • The Deccan plateau river flows to the south and the northern part is drained by the Godavari the eastern Deccan plateau is made of the sheets of the granite rocks and the areas was geologically formed by a massive volcanic eruption that occurred to the ends of the cretaceous period about 66 million years ago.

    Main features of the Peninsular Plateau:
    (i) It is a table land composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks.
    (ii) It is formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwana land.
    (iii) It has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills.
    (iv) It consists of two broad divisions, namely, the Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau.
    (v) The Central Highlands are wider in the West but narrower in the East.
    (vi) The Deccan Plateau is higher in the West and slopes gently eastwards.

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