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  • Structure Of Atmosphere – General Science Notes – For W.B.C.S. Examination.
    Posted on March 9th, 2019 in General Science
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    Structure Of Atmosphere – General Science Notes – For W.B.C.S. Examination.

    বায়ুমণ্ডলের কাঠামো – সাধারণ বিজ্ঞান নোট – WBCS পরীক্ষা।

    The structure of the atmosphere is classified into the following layers.Continue Reading Structure Of Atmosphere – General Science Notes – For W.B.C.S. Examination.

    Troposphere: 0 to 12 km

    Stratosphere: 12 to 50 km

    Mesosphere: 50 to 80 km

    Thermosphere: 80 to 700 km

    Exosphere: 700 to 10,000 km

    Troposphere

    • Troposphere is the closest to the Earth’s surface and contains water vapor (clouds), moisture, dust, etc.
    • Most of the weather phenomena take place in Troposphere.
    • Height of the Troposphere varies i.e. at the equator, it is measured about 18 km and at the poles, it is 12 km.
    • Tropopause is the transitional zone that separates Troposphere and Stratosphere.

    Stratosphere

    • Stratosphere is the second-lowest layer of the Earth’s Atmosphere that goes up to 50 km.
    • Stratosphere contains Ozone (O3) Layer that absorbs the ultraviolet rays (coming through the Sun rays) and protects life on the Earth.
    • As the ultraviolet radiation absorbs in Stratosphere, therefore the temperature rises with increasing altitude.
    • The Stratopause is the transitional zone that separates Stratosphere and Mesosphere.

    Mesosphere

    • Mesosphere, present above the Stratosphere, extends up to (from 50 km to) 80 km.
    • Temperature in the Mesosphere decreases with increasing altitude.
    • Mesopause is the transitional zone that separates Mesosphere and Thermosphere.

    Thermosphere

    • Above the Mesosphere, Thermosphere is the second-highest layer that starts at the altitude of 80 km and extends up to (roughly) 700 km (however, it varies between 500 and 1000 km).
    • The lower part of the Thermosphere (roughly between 80 km and 550 km) contains ions and known as Ionosphere.
    • The temperature of the Thermosphere rises with increasing altitude.
    • Thermopause is the transitional zone that separates Thermosphere and Exosphere.

    Exosphere

    • Exosphere is the highest or outermost layer of the Earth’s atmosphere that extends (starting from 700 km altitude) up to 10,000 km where it ultimately merges into the solar wind.
    • Major constituents of the Exosphere are helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
    • The phenomena of Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis can be seen in the lower part of the Exosphere (merged with upper part of the Thermosphere).

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