Quad countries play naval war games back-to-back.

• India, Australia, Japan, and the U.S. held naval war games, “Exercise Malabar” and “Exercise Kakadu,” to enhance interoperability and anti-submarine warfare skills.

• “Exercise Malabar” concluded off the coast of Visakhapatnam, part of the multilateral “Exercise Kakadu” hosted by the Royal Australian Navy.

• The Indian Navy deemed “Exercise Malabar” the most comprehensive of all editions, with the harbour phase in Visakhapatnam and the sea phase in the Bay of Bengal.

• The Quad partners focused on anti-submarine warfare and undersea domain awareness due to concerns over the Chinese Navy’s expansion into the Indian Ocean Region.

• Exercises included surface weapon firings, anti-air shoots, air defence exercises, anti-submarine warfare exercises, and extensive operations of ship-borne helicopters.