Israel-Palestine Relations: Historical Roots and Current Struggles

Historical Roots of the Conflict

• The conflict has deep historical roots, marked by wars, displacement of Palestinians, and failed peace processes.

• The October 7 attack by Hamas and Israel’s war on Gaza have weakened prospects for a two-state solution.

The King David Hotel of Jerusalem

• Built in 1931, the hotel symbolizes Israel’s Jewish roots and its bloody history.

• The hotel was turned into administrative and military offices by the British during the Mandate of Palestine.

UN’s Proposal for a Divided Palestine

• The UN General Assembly proposed dividing Palestine into an independent Arab State, an independent Jewish State, and the City of Jerusalem in 1947.

• The Jewish Agency accepted the plan, while Arab nations opposed the partition.

Independence, Nakba

• The first Arab-Israeli war triggered by the armies of Egypt, Syria, Transjordan, and Iraq triggered the war.

• The war continued for a year, with Israel controlling more territories of historic Palestine than the UN plan offered for the Jewish state.

The Green Line

• Palestinians demand an independent state based on the 1967 border (Green Line).

• Israel has never made its position clear on the border.

The Oslo Accords and the Persistence of Conflict

• The First Intifada and the Declaration of Palestine

• The Oslo II Agreement divided the West Bank into three areas – A, B, and C.

• The peace process has always been a U-turn after a serious push for peace.

President Clinton’s Revival of the Peace Process

• President Clinton tried to revive the stalled peace process in 2000, but the summit collapsed due to disagreements on the status of Jerusalem and the right of return.

Historical Roots of Israel Palestine is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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