Ivermectin Pill as a Malaria Control Tool

• The BOHEMIA trial in Kenya found that malaria cases dropped by 26% among children aged 5-15 years, with children living farther from untreated areas enjoying greater protection.

• The trial was conducted in Kwale County, a coastal region with year-round malaria transmission despite 85% bed net coverage.

• The villagers were randomly given either ivermectin or albendazole once a month for more than three months.

• The results showed a 26% drop in malaria cases in the ivermectin group, exceeding the WHO’s threshold to be considered a valuable public health tool.

• The trial excluded pregnant women and children under 15 kg of body weight.

• The Mozambique trial couldn’t yield conclusive results due to Cyclone Gombe.

• A trial in Guinea-Bissau called MATAMAL involved over 25,000 people in 24 villages, testing whether adding ivermectin to an existing malaria treatment program could make the program work better.

• Despite mixed results, both trials reaffirmed ivermectin’s safety in large-scale campaigns.

• Ivermectin offers an advantage over traditional malaria control tools, as it kills mosquitoes from the inside after they bite humans, regardless of time or location.

• The BOHEMIA team found significant collateral benefits, such as a dramatic drop in bed bugs.

• However, resistance to ivermectin is a looming concern, with only two out of 18 reviewed studies examined its impact on mosquito populations.

• Researchers are exploring longer-lasting formulations, higher doses, and combining ivermectin with malaria vaccines or genetically modified mosquitoes.

Anti-malarial pill treatment is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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