Engaging with fishers can aid marine conservation

• Dugong populations in India have diminished to a few hundred due to poaching, by-catch, habitat loss, and pollution.

• Significant conservation efforts have emerged in the last decade, particularly the establishment of the Dugong Conservation Reserve in Palk Bay in 2022, covering over 12,000 hectares of seagrass meadows.

• The reserve serves as a model for integrated marine conservation, benefiting from Tamil Nadu’s stewardship and community involvement.

• The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) recognizes the reserve’s ecological importance and innovative restoration strategies, noting a population increase to over 200 dugongs.

• Conservation efforts face ongoing challenges, including mechanized fishing, port construction, and environmental threats like rising sea temperatures and pollution.

• Collaboration with Sri Lanka is essential for the regional recovery of dugongs in the Palk Strait.

• Inconsistent funding hampers sustained conservation initiatives, despite some support from afforestation funds.

• Lessons from the dugong conservation efforts highlight the importance of community engagement, international recognition, and integrating traditional practices with modern technologies for effective marine conservation.

Empowering Fishers for Conservation is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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