A swamp of conflict

• Sir Creek is a 96-km-long estuary between Kutch in Gujarat and Pakistan’s Sindh province, historically significant and uninhabited.

• The boundary dispute dates back to the British colonial period, originating from differing interpretations of historical resolutions and maps.

• Pakistan claims the entire creek based on a 1914 resolution, while India advocates for the mid-channel principle supported by a 1925 map and the Thalweg principle.

• Control over Sir Creek significantly affects the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) and maritime boundaries for both nations, making it economically vital due to potential oil and gas reserves and fishing rights.

• Recent tensions have risen, highlighted by Pakistani military actions, including drone incursions in the area.

• India’s Defence Minister emphasized the strategic importance of Sir Creek, warning of consequences for aggression and reiterating the need for dialogue.

• The region poses unique security challenges due to its marshy terrain and emerging threats from UAVs and drones targeting critical infrastructure.

• The unresolved status of the Sir Creek boundary complicates energy security and maritime rights amid rising strategic pressures from Pakistan and China.

• Past attempts at resolution, including a hydrographic survey and diplomatic talks, have not settled the fundamental disagreement.

Swamp of Political Turmoil is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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