Africa’s Challenge to China’s Mining Dominance

• China’s dominance in Africa’s mining sector is being challenged by African governments and civil society activism.

• African nations are asserting their rights to value-added development, challenging the old model of raw resource extraction in exchange for infrastructure or investments.

• The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) produces 80% of the world’s cobalt, a mineral indispensable for rechargeable batteries.

• China controls around 80% of that output through long-standing agreements such as the Sino Congolaise des Mines (Sicomines) deal.

• The benefits to local Congolese have been disproportionate to the mineral wealth extracted.

• The Congolese government was forced to renegotiate existing contracts with China due to mounting criticism.

• China’s dominance has triggered environmental and social concerns, with Chinese firms blocking applications for coal mining permits in Hwange National Park in Zimbabwe and a catastrophic acid spill from a Chinese-owned copper mine contaminating a significant tributary of the Kafue River in Zambia.

• Resistance is growing against the massive Lobé-Kribi Iron Ore Project led by Sinosteel Cam S.A., a subsidiary of China’s Sinosteel Corporation.

• Policy changes are occurring, with Zimbabwe and Namibia banning the export of unprocessed lithium to force investors to build local processing plants.

• African leaders must ensure that domestic processing leads to fundamental economic transformation, not just a new phase of elite capture.

• Africa is reasserting sovereignty over their natural resources, challenging opaque contracts, enforcing environmental standards, and demanding value addition.

China Losing Mining Grip is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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