Ancient Human Evolution: Bipedalism and Pelvic Development

• Bipedalism, a unique trait in humans, has been a mystery for over a century.

• Traditional explanations focusing on fossil anatomy and biomechanics have not revealed the molecular and developmental processes.

• Researchers have discovered two major innovations in human embryonic pelvis: the growth plate of the iliac cartilage expanded horizontally, making the pelvis wider and shorter.

• The onset of bone formation in humans began later, at the posterior edge of the ilium, and spread outward along the surface.

• These changes were tied to a network of developmental regulators, shaped by changes in human DNA.

• The findings suggest bipedalism arose via a two-step reprogramming of pelvic development, enabling upright walking and accommodating childbirth.

• Understanding these pathways may help explain why fossil hominins like Australopithecus had short, wide pelves millions of years ago.

Evolution of Human Bipedalism is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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