As the Iran conflict escalates, European leaders urge de-escalation and diplomacy.

• Europe is urging de-escalation and diplomacy amid Israel’s strikes on Iranian nuclear sites and drone counterstrike on Israel.

• European leaders are grappling with the complexities of their partnership with Israel, growing frustration with Israel’s actions against Gaza, the threat of Iran developing a nuclear weapon, and the risk of a full-blown war in West Asia.

• The European Union urges parties to de-escalate, refrain from retaliation, and “exercise maximum restraint.”

• UK Prime Minister Keith Starmer calls for diplomacy and restraint.

• Germany is engaging with allies, particularly the U.S., U.K., and France, and has informed Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of the attacks on Iran.

• Germany reaffirms Israel’s right to defend its existence and the safety of its citizens.

• NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte emphasizes the need for a de-escalation among allies, including the U.S.