India’s Patent Landscape: Universities as Changemakers

• India is transitioning from a consumer of global technology to a creator of its own.

• In the early 2000s, countries like China, the U.S., Japan, Germany, and South Korea dominated global patent filings.

• In 2023, Indian-origin filings surpassed those from any single foreign country, with Indian applicants accounting for 57% of all patent filings.

• The shift reflects the government’s efforts to build an innovation-friendly environment and support local inventors through initiatives like the National Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy and the Atal Innovation Mission.

• Amendments to patent rules have introduced reforms such as expedited examinations, simplified timelines, reduced application fees, and full digitalisation of filing and communication.

• Historically, mechanical and chemical engineering dominated the patent landscape.

• Filings in computer science rose from 1.27% in 2000 to 26.5% in 2023, while electrical engineering grew from 8.27% to 16.41%.

• Nearly 80% of patents filed in the past two years are still “awaiting decision,” reflecting rising volumes and bureaucratic and legal complexities.

• The face of patent filers in India is changing, with the share of filings from individuals jumping from under 10% in 2000 to around 32% by 2023.

• Government initiatives like KAPILA and the Atal Innovation Mission have helped drive this change.

• Universities have established dedicated IP cells and legal support units to assist faculty, researchers, and students with patent filing, technology transfer, and IP monetisation.

• Sustained increases in research funding are essential to maintain momentum.

• Raising India’s R&D expenditure to around 2% of GDP is critical for India to become a global knowledge leader.

Academic Institutions Lead Patents is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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