It will take over a year for India-UK FTA to start.

• The India-U.K. Free Trade Agreement will not take effect for at least a year due to legal vetting taking three more months.

• The TEPA with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) will take about September-October to come into effect.

• The FTA will undergo various levels of scrutiny in the U.K., including a review by the U.K.’s independent Trade and Agriculture Commission (TAC) and a U.K. government report.

• The FTA can only be placed before the U.K. Parliament and ratified after a year-long process.

• The TEPA with EFTA countries is delayed due to Swiss regulations, with a mandatory public comment period ending in September-October 2025.