RBI paper: Farmers earn under 40% of fruit and vegetable prices.

• Middlemen and retailers profited at the expense of farmers during high inflation in fruits and vegetables.
• Farmers earned a lesser share of the consumer rupee in fruits and vegetables, while dairy, poultry farming, and pulses had a higher share.
• Livestock and Poultry Inflation in India: Farmers’ share in the consumer rupee is estimated at 70% for milk and 75% for eggs.
• Price Dynamics and Value Chain of Fruits in India: Farmers’ share in the consumer rupee is estimated at about 31% for bananas, 35% for grapes, and 43% for mangoes.
• Pulses Inflation in India: About 75% of the consumer rupee spent on gram (chana) came back to farmers.
• Farmers’ share in the consumer rupee is estimated at about 33% for tomatoes, 36% for onions, and 37% for potatoes.