The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is facing a credibility crisis due to its institutional autonomy being undermined by nationalistic fervor

• ASI’s credibility crisis worsened by controversial transfer of K. Amarnath Ramakrishna, who led Keeladi excavation.

• Keeladi excavations uncovered 7,500 artefacts, indicating a sophisticated, literate, and secular urban society.

• Ramakrishna’s transfer to Assam in 2017 was seen as an attempt to downplay findings, leading to political rift.

• Madras High Court transferred the site to the Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeology, which has since unearthed over 18,000 artefacts.

• ASI requested a revision of Ramakrishna’s report in 2021.

• Union government justified its stance by stating a single set of findings cannot substantiate alternative historical narratives without broader scientific validation.

• Criticisms highlight ASI’s pursuit of portraying India as a civilizational monolith, arbitrary transfers, delayed promotions, and outdated Wheeler method.

• ASI’s closed internal review system fosters transparency, methodological accountability, scholarly rigour, and enhances accessibility of archaeological findings.

ASI challenges and controversies is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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