The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025 honours three scientists who expanded more complex molecules

• The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025 recognized Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar Yaghi for their development of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are molecular structures with large internal spaces for various applications.

• MOFs are composed of metal ions and organic molecules, creating customizable crystalline structures with significant internal surface areas.

• Richard Robson pioneered the concept of scalable frameworks, leading to the self-assembly of a diamond-like crystal with empty cavities.

• Susumu Kitagawa improved the stability and utility of MOFs by creating a robust three-dimensional structure that allowed for gas mobility without damage.

• Omar Yaghi contributed to the structural strength and reproducibility of MOFs, notably with MOF-5, which has a surface area comparable to a football field.

• Applications of MOFs include capturing carbon dioxide (CALF-20), harvesting drinking water (MOF-303), removing harmful chemicals (UiO-67), breaking down pollutants (MIL-101, ZIF-8), and safely storing hydrogen/methane (NU-1501, MOF-177).

• MOFs are important due to their versatility in energy solutions, environmental remediation, and industrial applications.

Chemical Air Contamination is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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