The proposed nuclear bill is still being debated

• The Indian government is deliberating legislation to permit private sector operation of nuclear power plants, focusing on nuclear waste management and private sector involvement in core nuclear technology research.

• An intergovernmental committee, along with the Law Ministry, is working on drafts of the proposed Bill, which may be introduced in the upcoming Winter Session of Parliament.

• Currently, only NPCIL, BHAVINI, and ASHVINI are authorized to build and operate nuclear facilities in India.

• Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced intentions to amend the Atomic Energy Act and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act to enable private, including foreign, companies to participate in the nuclear sector.

• Despite the 2008 India-U.S. nuclear deal facilitating technology imports, India’s regulations impose high liability on foreign suppliers, creating challenges for private sector involvement.

• Efforts are underway to align India’s liability laws with international conventions like the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage (CSC).

• A key discussion point is the responsibility for nuclear waste disposal and spent fuel re-processing between private and government operators.

• The government aims for 100 GW of nuclear capacity by 2047, fostering private participation to support both imported and domestic reactor development, including Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs).

• BSRs are being designed to be more compact for easier deployment near industrial sites, aiding decarbonization.

• The strategy involves private entities providing infrastructure while NPCIL manages design, quality assurance, and maintenance, supporting India’s goal of 500 GW of non-fossil energy by 2030.

Nuclear bill legislative debate is important topic for Civil service exam (WBCS).

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