The Shifting Landscape of Employment in India

• Indian education system struggles to integrate graduates into meaningful employment.

• Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) declines post-2019 due to pandemic impact on formal employment.

• Youth unemployment: 83% of India’s population, with half not job-ready post-graduation.

• Informal workforce: 90% of employment, with declining proportion of salaried jobs since 2018.

• Future of Jobs Report 2025: 170 million new jobs by 2030, 8% of total employment, 78 million jobs, 7% increase in total employment.

• Actions: stronger industry-academia collaboration, accountability for educational institutions, tailored training programs, and establishment of Indian Education Services.