Researchers sequenced the entire ancient Egyptian DNA for the first time.

• Researchers have sequenced the first ancient Egyptian genome from an individual who lived 4,500-4,800 years ago.

• The body belongs to an adult male who died during Egypt’s Old Kingdom.

• The ancient Egyptian is predicted to have brown eyes, brown hair, and skin pigmentation ranging from dark to black.

• The body was buried in a large ceramic pot within a rock-cut tomb at Nuwayrat, a village 265 km south of Cairo.

• Direct radiocarbon dating of the remains aligns with the archaeological context corresponding to the third to fourth dynasties, marking the beginning of the Old Kingdom.

• About 78% of the individual’s ancestry hails from ancient North African populations, specifically from Neolithic groups from present-day Morocco.

• About 22% of the DNA is a close match to early farmers from Mesopotamia, one of the eastern Fertile Crescent.

• DNA was successfully extracted from the individual’s teeth, making the genome the most complete and oldest from Ancient Egypt.