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Anthropology Notes On – Biological Anthropology – For W.B.C.S. Examination.
Physical/ biological anthropology is the study of the past and present evolution of the human species and is especially concerned with understanding the causes of present human diversity.Continue Reading Anthropology Notes On – Biological Anthropology – For W.B.C.S. Examination.
Within this broad definition it encompasses fields as disparate as human palaeontology, evolutionary biology, human genetics, comparative anatomy and physiology, primate behaviour, human behavioural ecology, and human biology. Human biology broadly covers the areas of modern human biological variation, human ecology, nutrition and demography. What makes physical/ biological anthropology unique is that it brings all of these areas to bear on our understanding of the human condition.
Evolutionary perspectives encompass the origins of modern humans and of modern human diversity; the relationship between climate and human evolution; the evolution of language and cognition.
What underlies all of these areas is the interpretation of archaeological and palaeontological evidence. Such evidence is considered within the broader theoretical context of evolutionary biology and furthermore draws on evidence from comparative morphology and behavioural research on both humans and non-human primates.
Evolutionary studies also extend to modern human biological and behaviour variation. One fascinating area of current interest is the degree to which human behaviour is rooted in biology rather than culture. In the general area of human ecology recent concerns emphasise the implications for vulnerable human groups of changes in climate, land tenure and economy.
This area also impinges on questions of environmental conservation in the modern world. These more recent interests in human ecology occur alongside the more traditional concerns which focus on human biological variation and the correlates of this variation.
Anthropology is the study of people throughout the world, their evolutionary history, how they behave, adapt to different environments, communicate and socialise with one another. The study of anthropology is concerned both with the biological features that make us human (such as physiology, genetic makeup, nutritional history and evolution) and with social aspects (such as language, culture, politics, family and religion).
Whether studying a religious community in London, or human evolutionary fossils in the UAE, anthropologists are concerned with many aspects of people’s lives: the everyday practices as well as the more dramatic rituals, ceremonies and processes which define us as human beings.
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